車(che)(che)間辦公(gong)室審核(he)主要涉及車(che)(che)間領導和(he)(he)部(bu)分(fen)管(guan)理(li)(li)人員，審核(he)內容(rong)是了解車(che)(che)間的(de)(de)組織(zhi)結構、人員構成、產品特點和(he)(he)工(gong)藝(yi)流程。通過交談(tan)、查閱文件資(zi)料(liao)(liao)，了解企業質(zhi)量方針貫徹(che)情(qing)況(kuang)、質(zhi)量職責落實情(qing)況(kuang)、文件資(zi)料(liao)(liao)控制情(qing)況(kuang)和(he)(he)現(xian)場管(guan)理(li)(li)綜(zong)合情(qing)況(kuang)，確定(ding)現(xian)場審核(he)的(de)(de)具體產品和(he)(he)關鍵工(gong)序，記錄一(yi)些需要在現(xian)場核(he)對、驗證的(de)(de)一(yi)些管(guan)理(li)(li)規定(ding)、質(zhi)量特性、工(gong)藝(yi)參(can)數和(he)(he)其它重(zhong)要事項，為現(xian)場審核(he)作好準備。車(che)(che)間辦公(gong)室審核(he)要點一(yi)般包(bao)括以(yi)下內容(rong)：
       1、向車間領導和管理人員(yuan)詢(xun)問企(qi)業質(zhi)量方針、目標(biao)的(de)內容、宣貫方式和宣貫效果，詢(xun)問質(zhi)量方針、目標(biao)的(de)內涵看是否與宣貫文件一致(zhi)。了(le)解(jie)(jie)企(qi)業質(zhi)量目標(biao)在本(ben)車間怎樣(yang)落實，有哪些具體指標(biao)，完成情況及發展趨勢怎樣(yang)，存在哪些問題，準備怎樣(yang)解(jie)(jie)決。
       2、向車間(jian)領(ling)導了解本(ben)(ben)車間(jian)組織(zhi)結構、人(ren)員構成(cheng)、產品特點和(he)工(gong)藝流程情況(kuang)，了解本(ben)(ben)車間(jian)主要承(cheng)擔哪些(xie)質量體(ti)系要素(su)(su)，還涉及(ji)哪些(xie)要素(su)(su)，這些(xie)活動是(shi)否和(he)怎樣具體(ti)落(luo)實到(dao)本(ben)(ben)車間(jian)哪些(xie)崗(gang)(gang)位，崗(gang)(gang)位職責是(shi)否涵蓋了這些(xie)要素(su)(su)并形成(cheng)了文(wen)件(jian)。對(dui)照(zhao)崗(gang)(gang)位職責文(wen)件(jian)，看涉及(ji)本(ben)(ben)車間(jian)的質量活動在(zai)各類人(ren)員崗(gang)(gang)位職責中有無漏(lou)項(xiang)。詢問在(zai)場的有關(guan)人(ren)員看是(shi)否熟悉本(ben)(ben)人(ren)的質量職責、工(gong)作(zuo)接口和(he)相關(guan)的體(ti)系文(wen)件(jian)。
       3、要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)車間(jian)提供(gong)受(shou)(shou)(shou)控(kong)文(wen)件(jian)(jian)(jian)清單(dan)和收(shou)發文(wen)記錄，了解本(ben)車間(jian)受(shou)(shou)(shou)控(kong)文(wen)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)類和范圍，看(kan)車間(jian)所(suo)(suo)有(you)與質(zhi)量體(ti)系(xi)運行(xing)有(you)關的(de)(de)(de)各場所(suo)(suo)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)都能(neng)夠得到相應文(wen)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)效版本(ben)。從(cong)受(shou)(shou)(shou)控(kong)文(wen)件(jian)(jian)(jian)清單(dan)中(zhong)抽查3—5種(zhong)體(ti)系(xi)文(wen)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、管理文(wen)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、產品圖(tu)(tu)樣(yang)和工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)規程，看(kan)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)有(you)受(shou)(shou)(shou)控(kong)標識（如：文(wen)件(jian)(jian)(jian)編(bian)號、部門(men)標志(zhi)或受(shou)(shou)(shou)控(kong)印章），編(bian)、審(shen)、批(pi)手續(xu)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)完整。查閱(yue)圖(tu)(tu)紙看(kan)有(you)無標注(zhu)關鍵(jian)或重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)質(zhi)量特性和驗收(shou)準則，工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)文(wen)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)與圖(tu)(tu)紙的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)一致并能(neng)有(you)效指導生產。看(kan)文(wen)件(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)無更改，是(shi)(shi)否(fou)按規定的(de)(de)(de)程序(xu)(xu)由授權(quan)人更改。看(kan)有(you)無受(shou)(shou)(shou)控(kong)文(wen)件(jian)(jian)(jian)清單(dan)外的(de)(de)(de)其(qi)他過期失效文(wen)件(jian)(jian)(jian)。對(dui)臨(lin)時工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)和工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)更改通知，看(kan)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)經過批(pi)準和有(you)無批(pi)次或期限要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。了解有(you)無留(liu)作參(can)考的(de)(de)(de)作廢文(wen)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，看(kan)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)加蓋了“作廢留(liu)用”印章以(yi)防止誤用。詢問(wen)本(ben)車間(jian)有(you)無關鍵(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)或特殊(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)，記錄必(bi)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量特性、工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)參(can)數和設備號以(yi)備現(xian)場核(he)對(dui)。
    4、詢問車間現(xian)場工(gong)藝文(wen)件貫徹(che)執行情況，要求提(ti)供關于(yu)工(gong)藝紀(ji)律檢查(cha)的文(wen)件和(he)記錄。了(le)解車間工(gong)藝紀(ji)律檢查(cha)怎樣(yang)組織，由誰參加，檢查(cha)的頻次，發(fa)現(xian)了(le)哪(na)些(xie)情況，采取了(le)哪(na)些(xie)措施，效果(guo)怎樣(yang)。
       5、詢問車間(jian)有哪些(xie)生(sheng)產設(she)備(bei)(bei)，其中哪些(xie)是關鍵設(she)備(bei)(bei)或質控(kong)點設(she)備(bei)(bei)？車間(jian)哪位領導主管設(she)備(bei)(bei)管理，有無(wu)(wu)專業(ye)維修(xiu)人(ren)員，設(she)備(bei)(bei)的大(da)修(xiu)、精度檢修(xiu)和潤(run)滑是否按規定(ding)的時間(jian)進行(xing)，計劃調整是否經過(guo)授權領導或部(bu)門批準，經過(guo)批準延期(qi)使用的設(she)備(bei)(bei)有無(wu)(wu)相應的防范措施，設(she)備(bei)(bei)的日(ri)常維護保養怎樣實(shi)施，有無(wu)(wu)驗收標準，有無(wu)(wu)定(ding)用檢查的記錄。
       6、詢(xun)問(wen)(wen)車間不(bu)合格(ge)品控(kong)制和(he)(he)糾(jiu)正措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)實施(shi)(shi)情(qing)況，要求提供(gong)有(you)關(guan)超差讓步使(shi)用的(de)評(ping)(ping)審(shen)(shen)記錄，看評(ping)(ping)審(shen)(shen)的(de)程序和(he)(he)批(pi)準是(shi)(shi)否(fou)符合規定要求，合同條(tiao)件下(xia)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)經過(guo)(guo)顧客同意；非合同條(tiao)件下(xia)，當影響(xiang)下(xia)工序作業時，是(shi)(shi)否(fou)通知了(le)下(xia)工序以便采取相應措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。有(you)無重復發生(sheng)的(de)質(zhi)量問(wen)(wen)題和(he)(he)用戶(hu)質(zhi)量投訴，是(shi)(shi)否(fou)進行了(le)不(bu)合格(ge)原因調查(cha)并采取了(le)糾(jiu)正預防措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)，措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)規定了(le)責任人和(he)(he)完成(cheng)期(qi)限，效果是(shi)(shi)否(fou)經過(guo)(guo)驗證，措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)能否(fou)防止(zhi)同類問(wen)(wen)題的(de)再發生(sheng)，對行之(zhi)有(you)效的(de)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)納(na)入了(le)有(you)關(guan)技(ji)術或管理文(wen)件。
       7、詢問(wen)車間哪(na)位領導負責教(jiao)育培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)工作，怎(zen)樣(yang)根據(ju)需求安排培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)內(nei)容，培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)計劃(hua)執行怎(zen)樣(yang)，關(guan)鍵(jian)工序(xu)、特(te)殊工序(xu)、新(xin)進(jin)廠工人、轉崗(gang)工人是否都進(jin)行了(le)相應內(nei)容的(de)培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)。在哪(na)些(xie)工序(xu)或場合使(shi)用了(le)哪(na)些(xie)統(tong)計技術，效果怎(zen)樣(yang)。
       生產現場審核要點
       生產(chan)現(xian)場審(shen)(shen)核內(nei)容主要(yao)(yao)是對(dui)辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)室審(shen)(shen)核中發現(xian)的問題線索(suo)進(jin)行(xing)追(zhui)溯(su)跟蹤(zong)，對(dui)需要(yao)(yao)重點審(shen)(shen)核的關鍵工(gong)(gong)序(xu)，特(te)殊工(gong)(gong)序(xu)進(jin)行(xing)驗(yan)證，對(dui)在辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)室審(shen)(shen)核中記(ji)錄的一些質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)特(te)性(xing)、工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)多數和一些重要(yao)(yao)規定進(jin)行(xing)核實(shi)，通(tong)過(guo)觀察、測量(liang)(liang)等方式對(dui)車間現(xian)場質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)控制的有效性(xing)作(zuo)出評價，為質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)改進(jin)提供信(xin)息和機(ji)會(hui)。審(shen)(shen)核要(yao)(yao)點如下(xia)：
       1、根據在(zai)交談和查(cha)閱資料過程(cheng)中發現的問題(ti)線索，利用順(shun)序跟蹤(zong)或逆向追溯的方法，收集客觀(guan)證(zheng)據，依據問題(ti)查(cha)管(guan)(guan)理，觀(guan)察在(zai)哪些管(guan)(guan)理環節失控而(er)(er)導致了(le)問題(ti)的產生(sheng)，從而(er)(er)為采取糾(jiu)正措施提供依據。
       2、驗(yan)(yan)證車間關鍵工(gong)序(xu)受控情況，首先看(kan)是(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)按質控點的有關規(gui)定(ding)進(jin)行(xing)管(guan)理，有無質控點文件，文件是(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)對(dui)影響質量(liang)(liang)特性的主要因素分(fen)層展開分(fen)析并(bing)(bing)采(cai)取了(le)相應的措(cuo)施。看(kan)作(zuo)(zuo)業指導書是(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)對(dui)質量(liang)(liang)要求(qiu)、作(zuo)(zuo)業方法、檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)手段、檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)方法和頻次作(zuo)(zuo)出規(gui)定(ding)。觀過交(jiao)談、觀察了(le)解(jie)操作(zuo)(zuo)者對(dui)文件規(gui)定(ding)是(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)熟悉，并(bing)(bing)按規(gui)定(ding)操作(zuo)(zuo)。查(cha)看(kan)設備(bei)(bei)、工(gong)裝(zhuang)點檢(jian)(jian)表(biao)，看(kan)作(zuo)(zuo)業前是(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)對(dui)設備(bei)(bei)、工(gong)裝(zhuang)進(jin)行(xing)了(le)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)，是(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)定(ding)期(qi)進(jin)行(xing)精(jing)度檢(jian)(jian)修，發(fa)現的問題是(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)及時解(jie)決。查(cha)看(kan)所用(yong)的檢(jian)(jian)測器(qi)具能否(fou)(fou)(fou)滿足工(gong)藝要求(qiu)，是(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)定(ding)期(qi)校準，是(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)超期(qi)使用(yong)．是(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)對(dui)質量(liang)(liang)數據進(jin)行(xing)記錄(lu)，質量(liang)(liang)記錄(lu)的填寫是(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)作(zuo)(zuo)到了(le)真實(shi)、完整(zheng)、準確、清晰，并(bing)(bing)采(cai)用(yong)了(le)適宜的統(tong)計技(ji)術以及統(tong)計技(ji)術的運(yun)用(yong)是(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)正確。
       3、驗證特(te)殊工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序受(shou)控(kong)(kong)情(qing)(qing)況，機械(xie)行業(ye)的(de)(de)特(te)殊工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序主(zhu)要(yao)指鑄(zhu)造、鍛造、熱處理、油漆、焊接等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序．首先(xian)要(yao)看設(she)備能否(fou)(fou)(fou)滿足工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)要(yao)求，是否(fou)(fou)(fou)定期進行修理和(he)維護，有無驗收(shou)確認的(de)(de)記(ji)錄。然后要(yao)驗證是否(fou)(fou)(fou)對規定的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)參數進行了監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)，鑄(zhu)造工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序要(yao)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)砂型硬(ying)度(du)、澆鑄(zhu)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)、澆鑄(zhu)時間(jian)、澆鑄(zhu)進度(du)；鍛造工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序要(yao)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)始(shi)鍛和(he)終(zhong)鍛溫(wen)(wen)度(du)：熱處理要(yao)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)電壓、電流，升溫(wen)(wen)時間(jian)、升溫(wen)(wen)速度(du)、保溫(wen)(wen)時間(jian)、出爐(lu)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)以及(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作介質(zhi)的(de)(de)化學成分；油漆工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序要(yao)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)壓縮空氣壓力、油漆粘度(du)、烘干(gan)(gan)時間(jian)和(he)烘干(gan)(gan)濕度(du)等(deng)；焊接工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序要(yao)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)電壓、電流及(ji)(ji)焊材受(shou)控(kong)(kong)情(qing)(qing)況。特(te)殊工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序不僅要(yao)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)參數，而且還要(yao)驗證監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)這些參數的(de)(de)檢(jian)測試驗設(she)備是否(fou)(fou)(fou)處于受(shou)控(kong)(kong)狀態，有無鑒(jian)別過程結果的(de)(de)技藝(yi)規定準則(ze)，以及(ji)(ji)從事特(te)殊工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序作業(ye)人員的(de)(de)崗(gang)位培訓和(he)資(zi)格認可情(qing)(qing)況。
       4、除對關鍵工序和特(te)殊工序受控(kong)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)證(zheng)(zheng)外，還(huan)應關(guan)注現場其它方(fang)面情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)，例如(ru)了(le)(le)解其它工(gong)序操作(zuo)者持證(zheng)(zheng)上(shang)(shang)崗(gang)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)，對(dui)(dui)工(gong)藝文件熟悉情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)，觀(guan)察(cha)(cha)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)按(an)工(gong)藝操作(zuo)。在(zai)多品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)大批量(liang)生產車間，應觀(guan)察(cha)(cha)對(dui)(dui)外觀(guan)、規(gui)格(ge)相似而用(yong)(yong)途不(bu)同(tong)的產品(pin)(pin)(pin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)區別際識(shi)(shi)：在(zai)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)車間對(dui)(dui)有(you)(you)(you)配(pei)組、配(pei)對(dui)(dui)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)的零件是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)有(you)(you)(you)相應的標識(shi)(shi)以防止錯用(yong)(yong)、混用(yong)(yong)，對(dui)(dui)來自不(bu)同(tong)分承包(bao)方(fang)的同(tong)種(zhong)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)和(he)(he)讓步使用(yong)(yong)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)有(you)(you)(you)可追溯(su)性標識(shi)(shi)。觀(guan)察(cha)(cha)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)按(an)規(gui)定(ding)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)自檢(jian)(jian)(jian)、首檢(jian)(jian)(jian)、巡檢(jian)(jian)(jian)．看(kan)(kan)最終檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)文件是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)為有(you)(you)(you)效版本，看(kan)(kan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)規(gui)定(ding)了(le)(le)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)項目、驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)收標準、檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)手(shou)段和(he)(he)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)法、檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)、檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)規(gui)規(gui)程(cheng)和(he)(he)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)出(chu)廠技術(shu)條(tiao)件的內容是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)一致。對(dui)(dui)不(bu)合格(ge)品(pin)(pin)(pin)看(kan)(kan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)隔離、標識(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)按(an)規(gui)定(ding)權(quan)限進(jin)行(xing)(xing)評(ping)審。對(dui)(dui)返工(gong)返修產品(pin)(pin)(pin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)重新(xin)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)并做(zuo)相應記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)。要驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)證(zheng)(zheng)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)的真實性、完整性以及是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)有(you)(you)(you)授(shou)權(quan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)人員簽名和(he)(he)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)日期(qi)，要驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)證(zheng)(zheng)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)人員持證(zheng)(zheng)上(shang)(shang)崗(gang)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)，注冊資格(ge)證(zheng)(zheng)書注明的工(gong)種(zhong)與實際工(gong)作(zuo)的一致性。要觀(guan)察(cha)(cha)作(zuo)業環境的溫(wen)度、濕度、粉(fen)塵、照(zhao)明、通風等情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)起否(fou)(fou)(fou)符(fu)合有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)規(gui)定(ding)，觀(guan)察(cha)(cha)具有(you)(you)(you)精度要求(qiu)的零件是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)有(you)(you)(you)工(gong)位(wei)器具，是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)落地存(cun)放，搬運時是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)野(ye)蠻裝(zhuang)(zhuang)卸，能否(fou)(fou)(fou)防止磕碰(peng)劃傷，在(zai)車間半成品(pin)(pin)(pin)庫(ku)貯存(cun)的產品(pin)(pin)(pin)，看(kan)(kan)貯存(cun)條(tiao)件是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)(fou)符(fu)合規(gui)定(ding)要求(qiu)，能否(fou)(fou)(fou)防止混料、銹蝕、損壞(huai)和(he)(he)丟失等情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)的發生。